The media council act, 20 was assented to by the president on 24 december 20 and came into force on 10 january 2014 following the repeal of the media act, 2007 which established the media council of kenya. Mapped against the countrys political and economic history, the article. History of print media in keny a ad0pted article kenya s media is noteworthy given the continents history that has had a devastating effect on the industry. The media in africa is expanding rapidly due to advances in telecommunications, especially mobile phones and the internet. If you want continue reading the advantages and disadvantages of print. The impact of kenyas legal and institutional frameworks. Business communication lessons learned in unusual times. Mass media has been evolving through the ancient periods when kings patronized their writers and poets for writing books and creating dramas. The media as a tool for development in kenya the modern media in kenya was started by the missionaries and the british settlers. Vernacular or communitybased languages are commonly used in broadcast media. Unsophisticated liberalization of telecommunications since 1998 led to slow, uneven and haphazard growth in broadcasting.
A brief history of print infographic print media centr. The print media was introduced to supplement oral communication. In june 1891, the mashonaland and zambesian times, a handwritten paper described by one journalist as a crude but readable cyclostyled sheet, was published. Media history zimbabwe has some of the oldest newspapers in africa. The total number of registered publications as per the registrar of newspaper for india by 31st march, 2012. It is something that has become a part of our lives.
History of media crackdown in kenya nzau musau 03rd feb 2018 00. Indian print media is the largest print media and newspaper market in the world with over 100 million copies sold each day and is over 230 years old. The south african print media industry consists of newspapers, magazines and books. Pdf print media managers perception of integration of new media. But, in spite of the economic constraints on private media see the section on the media business environment elsewhere in this document, it is the print media licensing authority, the media and information commission mic, that has brought about most closures of. Magazine publishing started way back in the 1660s with erbauliche monathsunterredungen edifying monthly discussions being the first magazine to be published in germany and in the world as a whole.
The media, legal, regulatory and policy environment in kenya a historical briefing introduction the mass media and communication sector in kenya remains vulnerable to systemwide pressures such as the recent postelection violence and the resulting ban on live broadcasting because of. In china, one of the earliest forms of news media was known as the tipao. What the country required was a truly independent media group that. Publications mainly use english as their primary language of communication, with some media houses employing swahili. Zimbabwe press, media, tv, radio, newspapers television. The article traces back the history of this media and explain how it. A researched work of the whole media history in tanzania. Roads became the major link between the urban areas and the rural hinterlands, although they were developed in colonial times as a subsidiary to the railway line running from mombasa to the western parts of the. For sure, the print medias development in kenya has been a struggle, mostly against governmental control and interference and, to a lesser extent, the social, economic and geographical. Newspapers were developed from about 1612, with the first example in.
Prominence the visibility of a story in the online and print newspaper. Later, it was handwritten and posted in a public area much like todays posters or read from a scroll by a town crier. Print journalism, internet, new media, press, newspapers this study. Department of history, political science and public administration. There was only one political party, and the media were held in tight check.
Print media centr invites the industry to click, learn and connect in prints largest online classroom. The history of the newspapers in the country dates back to 1800. The history of print journalism in kenya as a reflection of the struggle of forces pitting the status quo against those of nationalism and human rights. In writing both prose and poetry, many awards have also been won by africans, and africa now claims a nobel laureate in literature, prof. In spite of electronic media, print media that change with the times have undeniable staying power. Then people began to write down their news by hand. Nnamdi azikwe the publisher of the west african pilot newspaper in 1937 that contributed to the independence of nigeria in 1960.
Understanding media history in any society is in itself understanding a societys political, economic and social history. Economic ideas, politics introduction to mass communication mass communication. There were the german colonial media established to serve communication interests and needs of the german administration. A comparative study of print and online media content in. Kenyas media consumers use radio the most, followed by television and newspapers. The influence of digital advertising on performance of.
Kenya press, media, tv, radio, newspapers television, circulation. History of mass media chapter 1 evolution of indian press printing presses were first brought to india in the 16th century by christian missionaries for publishing evangelical literature. Today local kenya television services consist of 6 stations, that broadcast a wide array of local and international shows throughout kenya. The media in ethiopia consists of radio and television, which remain under the control of the ethiopian government, as well as private newspapers and magazines. The specific objectives were to establish the media accessibility level and the various types of media. By the same time, missionaries tried to fulfil their tasks by editing a. The research design employed in this study was a descriptive cross sectional survey design. Print media managers in kenya continue to grapple with the. Print media technologies that present information in form of newspapers, magazines and books. None of the printed items we enjoy today would be around without a number of persons in the history. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
Omolo ochilo abstract the writer in his paper seeks to discuss the concept of press freedom and the role of the media in kenya. The media industry in tanzania has gone through four major phases. July 5th to august 6th 2009 at the moi university main campus. Through the years, print media evolved to include entertainment. Kenyas media is noteworthy given the continents history that has had a devastating effect. It took the inventions of paper and the printing press for print media to come into regular use. We take for granted newspapers, magazines, books, posters, and other printed material. Lecture delivered during fulbright hays group project abroad program. History of print media and written communication follows the progress of civilization which in turn moves in response to changing cultural technologies. The transportation infrastructure that developed both before and after independence allowed kenya to emerge as a viable state. Throughout their short history, the mass media have had a tremendous impact on the. Make print powerful by sharing your memories of print.
In some cases, the media have become more global, local, interactive and personal. However, it has been observed that the print media are not playing their expected role. At independence, much of kenyas alternative print media had col. The first published papers were the cape town gazette and the african advertiser both controlled by the government.
This work is provided under the creative commons attributionnoncommercialsharealike 2. It is due to this fact then, that we in tanzania particularly in the media industry find it plausible to have such a. History of print media as a struggle of forces kimega2000. Despite all the other information media we have now, newspapers and books still have the same followings as before. The colonial history of kenya dates from the berlin conference of 1885 when the european powers first partitioned east africa into spheres of influence. Presently a lot of printed material is being published by public and private organizations for the dissemination of agricultural information. Print newspaper a publication that is produced on paper and is circulated physically. For sure, the print media s development in kenya has been a struggle, mostly against governmental control and interference and, to a lesser extent, the social, economic and geographical.
The article notes also the development of the print media from purely educational publications to publications aimed at the popularization of national identity. In comparison to the length of ethiopias over2,000year history as a sovereign nation, the media is a very recent phenomenon ten radio broadcast stations, eight am and two shortwave, are licensed to operate in ethiopia. This is because in order to understand where the print newspaper comes from, it is important to shed some light by going back to the history of the print newspaper in britain, the united states and kenya. In this role, as the editors of the media studies journal rightly opined in 1995, the media supports. On october 20, 1892, the rhodesia herald replaced the mashonaland and zambesian times as the countrys major daily newspaper. The interesting evolutionary history of mass media.
In newspaper reporting, many africans have won international media awards. Audience habits, preferences and patterns affect media behaviour. Kenyans media is noteworthy given the continents history that has had a devastating effect on the industry the sector has a history as early as back to 1895 with the publication of the quarterly taveta. Their publications included the bible and other literature to assist conversion and evangelization. History of print media in kenya ad0pted article kenyas media is noteworthy given the continents history that has had a devastating effect on the industry. Saliha abubakr sunesh parayil ameer salman om presented by. Kenya transportation and telecommunications britannica. Created as early as 202 bc, these were palace reports or imperial bulletins distributed by the government and intended for bureaucrats. Any news for public consumption might have been distributed via posted announcements basically.
In general, the media have also grown more specialized, competitive and consolidated. Background note the media, legal, regulatory and policy. The target population of this study was all the staff in the advertising department of all the four print media companies in kenya nation media. Johannes gutenberg printed his book in 1453 on a printing press using movable clay type. Development in technology has transformed the way newspapers have. A comparative study of print and online media content in kenya. Colonial journalism telegraph does miracle in distance communication telex and telephone enthrall print communication types of print media. Journalism history of kenya more info notesale buy. Mass media has helped in creating social awareness and has also provided people with an easy way. These advertisers and businessmen make the most of all forms of print media like magazines, newspaper, leaflets etc. Indian printing houses print maximum daily newspapers than any other country in asia. Kenya, country in east africa famed for its scenic landscapes and vast wildlife preserves. Therefore, our study brings out the fact that in use of many new media platforms for story. Media in kenya includes more than 91 fm stations, more than 64 free to view tv stations and an unconfirmed number of print newspapers and magazines.
The aim of this study was to analyze the role of media in conflict management, with reference to 200708 post election violence in kenya and uasin gishu county as a case area. Tomaselli university of natal, durban, south africa a historical critique ofthe genesis ofjoumalism and mass communication studies, and media studies, in south africa is. The advantages and disadvantages of print media fedena blog. During the first 2 decades of kenyan independence, the government was in strict control.
Government established the east african protectorate and, soon after, opened the fertile highlands to white settlers. Among mass media, print media are the important means to convey the latest agricultural information to the farmers. Entertainment and media always go hand in hand, but in addition to entertainment, mass media also remains to be an effective means of communication, spreading information, advertising, marketing, and in general, of expressing and sharing views, opinions, and ideas. It is bordered to the north by south sudan and ethiopia, to the east by somalia and the indian ocean, to the south by tanzania, and to the west by lake victoria and uganda. Newspapers, magazines, books press freedom, laws and ethics new debate raging still hard industrialization of print processes. Kenyas audiences can access diverse media choices but they are heavily fragmented. A brief history of printing in nigeria nigerian voice. The evolution of print media by winstone arradaza on prezi. In other words, it acts as the thermometer of measuring the democratic body temperature of a country or society. You are free to copy, distribute and display this work and to make derivative works, except for the images. Pdf the study examined print media managers perception of. The future of print journalism has been debated by media scholars especially during the surge of technology. One of the most popular and growing industries is the print media and the reason being the fact that it is one of the easiest ways to reach targeted customers by advertisers and marketers.
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